Signal Ratiometer

 

Μια πολύ χρήσιμη συσκευή για ραδιοερασιτέχνη χρήση είναι ένας μετρητής λογού ισχύος/φάσης δυο σημάτων (περισσότερες λεπτομέρειες στο http://www.w1ghz.org/small_proj/hna.zip ). Η παρούσα κατασκευή συγκρίνει δυο σήματα από 50MHz μέχρι 2.7GHz ισχύoς από -50dBm μέχρι 0dBm. Το RF κομμάτι παράδοξος είναι απλοϊκό και αποτελείται ουσιαστικά από δυο ολοκληρωμένα, τα AD8302 και LT5534 μέσα σε ένα θωρακισμένο κουτάκι. To AD8302 (έχει χαρακτηριστεί ως VNA-in-a-chip :-) κάνει την σύγκριση των δυο σημάτων. Το LT5534 μετράει την απόλυτη ισχύ του σήματος στην μια από τις δυο εισόδους. Ο λόγος της ύπαρξης του είναι για να φέρνουμε τις στάθμες των προς σύγκριση σημάτων γύρω από τα -30dBm όπου το AD8302 εμφανίζει την μεγαλύτερη ακρίβεια.

Ένας μΕ Atmega 16 διαβάζει τις αναλογικές τάσεις εξόδου των ολοκληρωμένων και κάνει τους υπολογισμούς τα αποτελέσματα των οποίων εμφανίζονται σε μια οθόνη χαρακτήρων 2Χ16. Επίσης στέλνει σειραϊκά τα δεδομένα σε μια έξοδο για data logging. Η κατασκευή τροφοδοτείται από δυο μπαταρίες λιθίου-πολυμερούς 400mAh σε σειρά.

73 de SV1IXP

IC1=ATMEGA16
IC2-IC2=LM78L05 / LM2950CZ-5.0

R1=4.7K
JP1-JP8=PIN HEADER
C1-C2-C3=1μF

Οι κονέκτορες JP5-JP6 χρησιμεύουν για την σύνδεση των μπαταριών και ο JP7 για την φόρτιση τους. Στον JP4 συνδέεται το GPS module (+5V,GND και DATA). O JP8 είναι για την σύνδεση του ISP. Στο JP2 συνδέεται ο διακοπτης ON-OFF. To μπουτόν χρησιμεύει για την πλοήγηση στις ανάμεσα στις διαφορετικές οθόνες.

73 de SV1IXP

GPS grid square finder πηγαίος κώδικας.

'gps
$regfile = "m16def.dat"
$crystal = 1000000
$baud = 4800
Config Porta = Input
Config Portd.2 = Input
Config Porta.0 = Output
Config Portb = Output
'Config Adc = Single , Prescaler = Auto , Reference = Internal
Config Lcdpin = Pin , Db4 = Portb.2 , Db5 = Portb.1 , Db6 = Portb.0 , Db7 = Porta.0 , E = Portb.3 , Rs = Portb.4
Config Lcd = 16 * 2
Dim A As String * 1
Dim I As Byte
Dim K As Byte
Dim J As Byte
Dim Screen As Byte
Dim L As String * 1
Dim Packet(100) As String * 1
Dim Gps_time(10) As String * 1
Dim Status(1) As String * 1
Dim Lat(9) As String * 1
Dim Lat_num(9) As Integer
Dim Lat_dir(1) As String * 1
Dim Lon(10) As String * 1
Dim Lon_num(9) As Integer
Dim Lon_dir(1) As String * 1
Dim Speed(6) As String * 1
Dim Z As String * 3
Dim Track(10) As String * 1
Dim Day(6) As String * 1
Dim Mag(5) As String * 1
Dim Temp As Single
Dim Temp2 As Single
Dim Temp3 As Integer
Dim Temp4 As Integer
Dim Temp5 As Single
Dim Height(6) As String * 1
Dim Pre(3) As String * 1
Dim Sat(3) As String * 1
Config Int0 = Rising
Declare Sub Coordinate_print
Declare Sub Letter(x As Integer)
Declare Sub Get_info
Declare Sub Get_info2
Declare Sub Lat_conversion
Declare Sub Lon_conversion
Declare Sub Grid
Declare Sub Square
Declare Sub Subsquare
Declare Sub Date_gps
Declare Sub Time_gps
On Int0 Button

Cursor Off                                                  'main program
Cls
Lcd "GPS GRID SQUARE"
Locate 2 , 1
Lcd "   BY SV1IXP"
Wait 3
I = 0
Screen = 1
Cls
Enable Int0
Enable Interrupts
   Do
   Call Get_info2
   Call Get_info
   Select Case Screen
   Case 2:
   Locate 1 , 1
   Lcd "LAT:"
   Locate 2 , 1
   Lcd "LON:"
   Call Lat_conversion
   Call Lon_conversion
   Call Coordinate_print
   Waitms 250
   Enable Interrupts
   Enable Int0
   Case 1 :
   Cls
   Locate 1 , 1
   Lcd "UTC: "
   Locate 2 , 1
   Lcd "GRID:"
   Locate 2 , 1
   Call Lat_conversion
   Call Lon_conversion
   Call Grid
   Call Square
   Call Subsquare
   Call Time_gps
   Waitms 250
   Enable Interrupts
   Enable Int0
   Case 3:
    Cls
    Locate 1 , 1
    Lcd "DATE: "
    Locate 2 , 1
    Lcd "HEIGHT: "
    Locate 2 , 9
    I = 1
    Do
    If Height(i) <> "," Then
    Lcd Height(i)
    End If
    I = I + 1
    Loop Until I = 7
    Lcd "m"
    Call Date_gps
    Waitms 250
    Enable Interrupts
   Enable Int0
   Case 4:
    Cls
    Lcd "SATS IN VIEW:"
    I = 2
    Do
    If Sat(i) <> "," Then
    Lcd Sat(i)
    End If
    I = I + 1
    Loop Until I = 4
    Locate 2 , 1
    Lcd "PRE:"
    I = 1
    Do
    Lcd Pre(i)
    I = I + 1
    Loop Until I = 4
    Waitms 250
     Enable Interrupts
   Enable Int0
   Case Else:
   Cls
   Lcd 55555
   Waitms 250
   Enable Interrupts
   Enable Int0
   End Select
   Loop
End



Sub Grid
        Temp2 = Lon_num(1) * 100
        Temp = Lon_num(2) * 10
        Temp = Temp + Lon_num(3)
        Temp = Temp + Temp2
        Lon_dir(1) = Packet(43)
          If Lon_dir(1) = "E" Then
          Temp = Temp + 180
          Else
          Temp = 180 - Temp
          End If
        Temp2 = Temp / 20
        Temp3 = Int(temp2)
        Call Letter(temp3)
        Locate 2 , 7
        Lcd L
        Temp2 = Lat_num(1) * 10
        Temp = Lat_num(2) * 1
        Temp = Temp + Temp2
          If Lat_dir(1) = "N" Then
          Temp = Temp + 90
          Else
          Temp = 90 - Temp
          End If
        Temp2 = Temp / 10
        Temp3 = Int(temp2)
        Call Letter(temp3)
        Lcd L
End Sub

Sub Square

        Temp2 = Lon_num(1) * 100
        Temp = Lon_num(2) * 10
        Temp = Temp + Lon_num(3)
        Temp = Temp + Temp2
        Lon_dir(1) = Packet(43)                             'prepei na allaksei
        If Lon_dir(1) = "E" Then
        Temp = Temp + 180
        Else
        Temp = 180 - Temp
        End If
        Temp2 = Temp / 20
        Temp2 = Int(temp2)
        Temp3 = Temp2
        Temp3 = Temp3 * 20
        Temp4 = Temp
        Temp4 = Temp4 - Temp3
        Temp = Temp4 / 2
        Temp = Int(temp)
        Temp4 = Temp
        Locate 2 , 9
        Lcd Temp4
        Temp2 = Lat_num(1) * 10
        Temp = Lat_num(2) * 1
        Temp = Temp + Temp2
        If Lat_dir(1) = "N" Then
        Temp = Temp + 90
        Else
        Temp = 90 - Temp
        End If
        Temp2 = Temp / 10
        Temp2 = Int(temp2)
        Temp3 = Temp2
        Temp3 = Temp3 * 10
        Temp4 = Temp
        Temp4 = Temp4 - Temp3
        Temp = Temp4 / 1
        Temp = Int(temp)
        Temp4 = Temp
        Lcd Temp4
End Sub

Sub Coordinate_print
K = 1
Locate 1 , 5
        Do
        Lcd Lat(k)
        K = K + 1
        Loop Until K = 10
        Lcd Lat_dir(1)
        K = 1
        Locate 2 , 5
         Do
        Lcd Lon(k)
        K = K + 1
        Loop Until K = 11
        Lcd Packet(43)
        End Sub

Sub Subsquare

Temp = Lon_num(1) * 100
Temp2 = Lon_num(2) * 10
Temp = Temp + Temp2
Temp2 = Lon_num(3) * 1
Temp = Temp + Temp2
Temp2 = Temp / 20
Temp2 = Int(temp2)
Temp2 = 20 * Temp2
Temp = Temp - Temp2
Temp2 = Temp / 2
Temp2 = Int(temp2)
Temp2 = 2 * Temp2
Temp = Temp - Temp2
Temp = Int(temp)
Temp = Temp * 60
Temp2 = Lon_num(4) * 10
Temp5 = Lon_num(5) * 1
Temp2 = Temp2 + Temp5
Temp5 = Lon_num(7) * 0.1
Temp2 = Temp2 + Temp5
Temp2 = Temp2 + Temp
Temp = Temp2 / 5
Temp = Int(temp)
Temp3 = Temp
Call Letter(temp3)
Locate 2 , 11
Lcd L

Temp = Lat_num(3) * 10
Temp2 = Lat_num(4)
Temp = Temp + Temp2
Temp2 = Lat_num(6) * 0.1
Temp = Temp + Temp2
Temp2 = Lat_num(7) * 0.001
Temp = Temp + Temp2
Temp = Temp / 2.5
Temp = Int(temp)
Temp3 = Temp
Call Letter(temp3)
Locate 2 , 12
Lcd L

End Sub

Sub Get_info
     Begin:
     Do
     A = Waitkey()
     Loop Until A = "$"
   I = 0
     Do
     A = Waitkey()
     I = I + 1
     Packet(i) = A
     Loop Until I = 80 Or A = "*"
     If Packet(5) = "C" And Packet(3) = "R" And Packet(4) = "M" Then       'check packet if ok
     I = 7
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Gps_time(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Status(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Lat(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Lat_dir(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Lon(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Lon_dir(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do                                                   'void
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Speed(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
                                             'void
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Track(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
    J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Day(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
    J = 1
       Do                                                   'void
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Mag(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
       Else
       Goto Begin:
       End If
       End Sub

Sub Get_info2
     Begin2:
     Do
     A = Waitkey()
     Loop Until A = "$"
   I = 0
     Do
     A = Waitkey()
     I = I + 1
     Packet(i) = A
     Loop Until I = 80 Or A = "*"
     If Packet(5) = "A" And Packet(3) = "G" And Packet(4) = "G" Then       'check packet if ok
     I = 7
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
       Do                                                   'void
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Sat(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
     J = 1
                                             'void
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Pre(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
    J = 1
       Do
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       Height(j) = A
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
    J = 1
       Do                                                   'void
       A = Packet(i)
       I = I + 1
       J = J + 1
       Loop Until A = ","
       Else
       Goto Begin2:
       End If
       End Sub

Sub Lat_conversion
K = 0
        Do
        K = K + 1
        Lat_num(k) = Val(lat(k))
        Loop Until K = 9
End Sub

Sub Lon_conversion
K = 0
        Do
        K = K + 1
        Lon_num(k) = Val(lon(k))
        Loop Until K = 10
End Sub

Sub Time_gps
Locate 1 , 6
        K = 1
        Do
        Lcd Gps_time(k)
        K = K + 1
        Loop Until K = 3
        Lcd ":"
        Do
        Lcd Gps_time(k)
        K = K + 1
        Loop Until K = 5
        Lcd ":"
        Do
        Lcd Gps_time(k)
        K = K + 1
        Loop Until K = 7
End Sub

Sub Date_gps
Locate 1 , 7
        K = 1
        Do
        Lcd Day(k)
         K = K + 1
        Loop Until K = 3
        Lcd "/"
        Do
        Lcd Day(k)
        K = K + 1
        Loop Until K = 5
        Lcd "/"
        Do
        Lcd Day(k)
        K = K + 1
        Loop Until K = 7
End Sub

Sub Letter(x As Integer)

    Select Case Temp3
    Case 0 : L = "A"
    Case 1 : L = "B"
    Case 2 : L = "C"
    Case 3 : L = "D"
    Case 4 : L = "E"
    Case 5 : L = "F"
    Case 6 : L = "G"
    Case 7 : L = "H"
    Case 8 : L = "I"
    Case 9 : L = "J"
    Case 10 : L = "K"
    Case 11 : L = "L"
    Case 12 : L = "M"
    Case 13 : L = "N"
    Case 14 : L = "O"
    Case 15 : L = "P"
    Case 16 : L = "Q"
    Case 17 : L = "R"
    Case 18 : L = "S"
    Case 19 : L = "T"
    Case 20 : L = "U"
    Case 21 : L = "V"
    Case 22 : L = "W"
    Case 23 : L = "X"
    Case 24 : L = "Y"
    Case 25 : L = "Z"
    Case Else L = "*"
    End Select
End Sub

Button:
Disable Interrupts
Disable Int0
Screen = Screen + 1

      If Screen = 5 Then
      Screen = 1
      End If
Waitms 100
      While Pind.2 = 1
      Wend
      Waitms 200
      Cls
Return

GPS locator finder

Ένα ραδιοερασιτεχνικό πρόβλημα στις /p επαφές  είναι ο ακριβής προσδιορισμός του grid locator. Οι περισσότερες φορητές συσκευές GPS δίνουν το στίγμα μόνο σε κλασική μορφή γεωγραφικού μήκους/πλάτους  και οι πράξεις στο χαρτί για να υπολογιστεί το locator από το lat/lon δεν είναι και οι πιο εύκολες να γίνουν στο πόδι χωρίς λάθη...  Συσκευή που να  δίνει το loc δεν είχα. Είχα όμως ένα GPS μάους που καθόταν! Βέβαια είχε USB συνδεσιμότητα αλλά για καλή τύχη στο εσωτερικό του είχε ένα Prolific PL-2303HX. Στο Pin Νο5 είναι η είσοδος για τα σειραϊκά δεδομένα που έρχονται από το SiRFstarII ! Οπότε η σύνδεση του με έναν μικροελενκτή είναι παιχνιδάκι.

Ένας Atmega16 διαβάζει τα ΝΜΕΑ πακέτα που στέλνει το GPS και υπολογίζει το grid locator αυτόματα. Η προβολή γίνεται σε μια κλασική οθόνη χαρακτήρων 2Χ16 . Η τροφοδοσία προέρχεται από δυο lipo μπαταρίες 400mAh σε σειρά. Ακολουθούν σε νέα ανάρτηση το σχηματικό και ο πηγαίος κώδικας που τρέχει ο μΕ.

Πληροφορίες για το grid locator system :

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maidenhead_Locator_System

Πληροφορίες για το NMEA:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMEA_0183

http://aprs.gids.nl/nmea/

73 de SV1IXP